B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins, which play an indispensable role in maintaining the normal function and metabolic activities of the human body. They are mainly found in foods such as whole grains, animal liver and vegetables. When there is a lack or excess of Vitamin B in the human body, it will lead to various diseases, such as insomnia, mental decline, angular stomatitis and so on. In the field of cosmetics, a variety of B vitamins and their derivatives have skin care effects such as whitening and Moisturizing, and have been included in the "Catalogue of Cosmetic Raw Materials Used (2021 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Catalogue"), with Cosmetic formulation value and application prospects . This article mainly introduces its functions and applications according to the types of B vitamins.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is mainly found in the outer skin and germ of seeds, such as rice bran and bran, and is also very rich in yeast. Thiamine is a cofactor for many major enzymes involved in energy metabolism in the human body, and its reserves are small in the human body. When the human body is in a state of nutritional deficiencies, alcoholism and septic shock, thiamine deficiency can be secondary. (TD). TD makes the energy metabolism disorder in the human body, which can further lead to Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, heart failure, gastrointestinal dysfunction and other diseases. Although there is no thiamine in the "Catalogue", its derivatives are included, including thiamine nitrate, thiamine diphosphate, and thiamine hydrochloride.
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), slightly soluble in water, is stable when heated in neutral or acidic solutions. Riboflavin is a component of the prosthetic group of flavin enzymes in the human body (flavinase plays a role in hydrogen transfer in biological redox). When it is lacking, it will affect the biological oxidation process of the body and cause metabolic obstacles. The lesions are mostly manifested as inflammation of the mouth, eyes and external genitalia, such as angular stomatitis, cheilitis, glossitis, conjunctivitis and scrotal inflammation. "Catalog" has riboflavin, riboflavin sodium phosphate and riboflavin tetraacetate.
Vitamin B3 is also known as niacin. Niacin can be converted into niacinamide in vivo. Although both compounds have vitamin functions, niacinamide has less pharmacology and toxicity than niacin. produced during the transformation. Niacin can cause facial flushing, so people with sensitive skin should use it with caution. In addition to the traditional whitening effect, nicotinamide is also used to reduce the generated and precipitated melanin, which can block its transfer to surface cells, accelerate cell metabolism, and accelerate keratinocyte shedding. Niacinamide can also greatly reduce or eliminate wrinkles, peeling, enlarged pores and other skin problems caused by aging or external aggression, reduce the damage of free radicals to the skin, prevent aging, repair the skin and reduce facial dullness. effect. Niacin and Niacinamide are included in the Catalog.
Vitamin B4, the old name for adenine, is no longer considered a true vitamin and is no longer a member of the B vitamin group. Adenine is not only one of the important components of DNA and RNA, but also plays an important role in protein synthesis and can also act as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. The Catalog contains adenine.
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), which has moisturizing and Anti-Aging effects on the skin, can promote normal skin keratinization, promote wound healing, and has anti-inflammatory effects. However, pantothenic acid is unstable to heat, alkali and acid. Panthenol, commonly known as provitamin B5, is an equivalent of pantothenic acid. Panthenol can be converted into pantothenic acid in the human body, and then synthesize coenzyme A, promote the metabolism of human proteins, fats and carbohydrates, protect the mucous membranes and hair luster on the skin surface, prevent The occurrence of disease, the lack of panthenol will lead to skin lesions and physiological disorders. The Catalog contains pantothenic acid and panthenol.
Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, exists in the form of phosphate ester in the body. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is easily destroyed by light or alkali, and is not resistant to high temperature. Pyridoxine can regulate the secretion of oil glands and prevent a variety of dermatitis, while reducing the production of dark yellow Pigment. The "Catalog" contains pyridoxine, pyridoxine hydrochloride, pyridoxine dioctate, pyridoxine dioctenoate, pyridoxine dipalmitate, and pyridoxine tripalmitate.
Vitamin B7 (biotin), also known as Vitamin H or coenzyme, is a water-soluble sulfur-containing vitamin necessary for animal growth, and one of the indispensable vitamins in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body. Biotin, as an essential cofactor for carboxylase, plays an important role in maintaining the integrity and soundness of epithelial tissue structure. Biotin is included in the Catalog.
Vitamin B9 (folic acid), also known as pteroylglutamic acid, is composed of pteridine, p-aminobenzoic acid and L-glutamic acid. It is slightly soluble in water and exists in green vegetables and fruits, citrus, yeast, liver, etc. Folic acid is an indispensable substance for the production of red blood cells, which can help protein metabolism and is a very important auxiliary component. When used externally, folic acid can activate the skin epidermal cells, promote the maintenance of water and the absorption of nutrients, and can reduce the aging speed of the skin, so as to achieve the purpose of beautifying the skin and rejuvenating the skin. The Catalog contains folic acid.
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a complex organic compound containing cobalt and the only vitamin containing metal elements. Its molecular structure is a corrin ring centered on cobalt ions and 5,6-dimethylbenzene. Hemiimidazoles are nucleotides made up of bases. The initial study found that taking whole liver can control the symptoms of pernicious anemia. After 20 years of research, in 1948, researchers isolated a red crystalline substance with the effect of controlling pernicious anemia from the liver and named it vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is the latest B vitamin discovered so far. The "Table of Contents" contains vitamin B12.
Vitamin B13, also known as orotic acid, exists in the pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis pathway of mammalian milk and various microbial variants, and is the precursor of pyrimidine synthesis. It is easily absorbed by the skin in W/O or O/W emulsions. The sodium salt of orotate is absorbed more rapidly, and can promote the absorption of other active ingredients. It has the ability to retain moisture significantly, especially for dry skin. . And, combine it with vitamin A, vitamin B12 to prevent skin pigmentation, sun protection and anti-aging; add it to conditioners to help prevent hair loss. Orotic acid has been included in the "Catalog".
